In the most classically used model ie. intravenous self administration of nicotine in the rat seeking behaviour is reinforced by the combination of intravenous
Dec 23 2020 relevant blood cotinine levels supported intravenous self administration in rats. Cotinine self administration was less robust than nicotine. Mecamylamine and varenicline attenuated nicotine but not cotinine self administration. These results suggest cotinine may play a role in the development of nicotine use and misuse.
Figure 1. Contingent oral menthol supports stable i.v. nicotine self administration. A Female adolescent Sprague Dawley rats received concurrent oral menthol or vehicle cue and i.v. nicotine or saline upon the completion of a fixed ratio 10 reinforcement schedule on the lickometer. The number of infusions obtained per session by the menthol nicotine group was
Sep 17 2012 Using male C57BL/6J mice we tested the hypothesis that nicotine exposure in adolescence leads to increased intravenous self‐administration IVSA of cocaine in adulthood. Using miniature osmotic pumps we exposed mice and their littermate controls to nicotine 24 mg/kg/day or vehicle respectively over the entire course of adolescence
Sprague Dawley rats consuming caffeine approximately 150 180 mg/kg per day in their drinking water for 7 days prior to the beginning and throughout behavioural testing acquired intravenous nicotine self administration 0.03 mg/kg per infusion more rapidly than did controls.
Intravenous nicotine self administration in alcohol preferring rats The aim of these experiments was to determine if the baseline levels of intravenous nicotine self administration in alcohol preferring P sP AA and HAD 1 rats were significantly different from their control counterparts NP sNP ANA and LAD 1 rats . Before beginning IV
20 nicotine rats pressed for an average of 9 rewards per hour resulting in blood nicotine levels of 62 ng/ml Fig. 1B . The current gold standard animal model of nicotine use is intravenous self administration 18 19 . Therefore we confirmed that our nicotine vapor model produced similar blood nicotine levels as the intravenous model Fig
ermined if responding in rats could be established using a multiple schedule of either i.v. cocaine or nicotine and sucrose reinforcement. Following training of individual components with each reinforcer rats were placed on an FR15 60 s timeout multiple schedule of cocaine 0.3 mg/kg/infusion and sucrose 45 mg pellets reinforcement or an FR5 60 s timeout multiple
In the current study rats were trained to self administer intravenous nicotine 0.03 mg/kg/infusion for 21 days in 1 hour daily sessions with an incrementing fixed ratio requirement a control group received saline infusions.
IV nicotine self administration in rats using the consummatory operant licking response Nicotine self administered by tobacco smoking or chewing is very addictive in humans. Rat models have been developed in which nicotine is self administered IV
Considering the importance of self administration models in determining mechanisms of drug maintained behavior we attempted to replicate the findings of nicotine self administration by Corrigall and Coen. Male Sprague Dawley rats trained on food reinforcement acquired relatively high and stable rates of self administration of IV nicotine
In nicotine and amphetamine self administration and sucrose maintained responding experiments rats responded for nicotine 0.01 or 0.02
Nicotine self administration. Monkeys were trained to self administer IV nicotine 0.01 mg/kg/inj and food pellets 1g on the same second order schedule of reinforcement FR 2 VR 16 S . During food self administration sessions the response key 6.4 6.4 cm on the operant panel was illuminated with a red light.
Jan 01 2012 This behavior can be accurately modeled in the rat using an intravenous self administration IVSA paradigm. Initial attempts at establishing nicotine self administration had been problematic yet in recent times increasingly reliable models of nicotine self administration have been developed.
Jun 19 2021 81 cKO mice display increased intravenous IV nicotine self administration consistent with a role 82 for VGLUT1 mediated glutamate co release at this circuit in opposing nicotine intake. 83 84 METHODS 85 Animals 86 Mice were used in accordance with the University of California San Diego and the University of
Jun 16 2020 Self administration of the 0.5 mg/ml nicotine dose led to blood nicotine levels that were very similar to human smokers and rats that self administer nicotine intravenously at the optimal dose of
impulsive LI n=11 rats were selected to self administer nicotine. Rats responded by nose poking for infusions of 0.03 mg/kg nicotine during 1 hour daily sessions. After a 20 session acquisition period rats completed 3 4hourprogressive ratio sessions during which the response requirement was increased after each infusion earned.
Nevertheless animal self administration studies continue to use rapid e.g. <3 s infusions as well as high unit doses of nicotine e.g. 15 30 microg/kg/infusion each equivalent to one to two cigarettes. Here we report that nicotine is self administered across a range of infusion durations 3 30 60 and 120 s in rats.
The rats self administered 0.03 mg/kg/infusion of nicotine for six days under a fixed ratio FR 1 schedule and four days under an FR2 schedule 3 h sessions . Repeated nicotine administration
methamphetamine self administration can be attained in adolescent rats and b adolescent nicotine exposure differentially alters oral methamphetamine self administration. Exposure to a low dose of nicotine 0.16 mg/kg but not a high dose of nicotine 0.64 mg/kg attenuated consumption and responding for methamphetamine during self
Nov 12 2019 Using these strategies research teams can unpack the influence of sex and sex hormones on nicotine use in rats. In previous studies female rats have been shown to self administer more nicotine than male rats and to exhibit higher conditioned place preference for nicotine than males.
Methods Plasma levels of nicotine and its metabolite cotinine were measured in 17 rats following intravenous self administration of a range of nicotine doses 0.015 0.03 and 0.06 mg/kg per infusion . Results The two larger unit doses supported reliable self administration behaviour with no overall difference in the patterns of nicotine intake.
Rationale Nicotine intravenous self administration IVSA in rats has been conducted using a variety of methodological procedures with equally variable results. Objectives Here we addressed the importance of the type of response operandum and prior instrumental training with a natural reinforcer on nicotine IVSA and reinstatement.
In this procedure rats are trained to self administer a drug of abuse e.g. nicotine cocaine by lever pressing in an operant box. Once rats exhibit stable drug intake the training drug is substituted with a testing compound. If the testing compound is self administered this indicates potential drug abuse liability.
Dec 16 2014 In this study we report the effect of orally delivered menthol as a cue for the intravenous self administration IVSA of nicotine in adolescent rats using licking as the operant response Levin et al. 2010 Chen et al. 2011 . We first compared the effects of menthol and vehicle cues on nicotine self administration.
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